There were 3 English-Chinese edited by Scottish missionaries to help missionaries learn the local language. Those are:

☆ Chinese–English Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy – By Reverent Carstairs Douglas, 1873.

☆ A Dictionary of Amoy Vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-chiu, Chiang-chiu and Formosa, by Reverend William Campbell, 1913.

☆ Supplement to Dictionary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Amoy, by Reverend Thomas Barclay, 1923.

愛, in Chinese means “LOVE”, and all three dictionaries have translated this lovely Chinese word. The “Scotland” and “Formosa” have also been collected in the dictionary.

Dr. David Landsborough IV was born in Changhua and learned Taiwan's local language very well. He returned to Taiwan in 1952 to start his medical missionary career, at that time he started to learn Mandarin, the official language after WW 2.

He was a typical case who learned different Chinese languages at different times.